Abstract
Our earlier research indicated that chitosan-gentamicin conjugate (CS-GT) possesses superior antimicrobial activity and good water solubility. To develop CS-GT-based scald dressings, the antibacterial properties of CS-GT were further studied, and the biosafety of CS-GT and the healing mechanism of CS-GT hydrogel was systematically explored in this article. It was found that cell viability shows a declined inclination with the prolonged culture time and the increased concentration of CS-GT. After three day’s culture, the cell viability could still remain at 79.72% when CS-GT concentration was as high as 1000 μg/mL. On the other hand, the hemolysis rate of CS-GT was lower than 5% when its concentration is 800 μg/mL. Therefore CS-GT has good cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility. A wound-healing experiment has shown that the skin healing rate of CS-GT hydrogel was the highest at 99.61%, followed by the positive control (wet burn ointment) 94.98%, GT hydrogel 87.50%, and matrix 77.39%. The blank control group, however, possessed the lowest healing rate of 75.45%. Further analysis indicated that CS-GT hydrogel could promote the synthesis of total protein (TP) in skin granulation tissue, resulting in the enhanced hydroxyproline (HYP) content, which facilitated collagen fibrogenesis, reduced cytokine expression in an inflammatory response, and, ultimately, accelerated wound healing. To sum up, CS-GT hydrogel is a promising scald dressing.
Highlights
Skin is the first line of human body defense against ambiance, featuring functions such as resisting microbial invasion, maintaining body fluid and water equilibrium, and regulating body temperature [1]
The inflammation phase of skin tissue regeneration is a crucial phase of normal wound healing, characterized by continuous infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes [3]
A few minutes after getting hurt, neutrophils arrive at the wound site and start action for several days, and they themselves are phagocytosed by tissue macrophages
Summary
Skin is the first line of human body defense against ambiance, featuring functions such as resisting microbial invasion, maintaining body fluid and water equilibrium, and regulating body temperature [1]. The first line of defense is destroyed, and wound exudates such as protein and necrosed tissue prosper at the scald site, offering adequate high-nutrient substances for microbial growth and reproduction, which enables higher wound infection rates and is highly prone to an intense inflammatory response [2]. The inflammation phase of skin tissue regeneration is a crucial phase of normal wound healing, characterized by continuous infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes [3]. A few minutes after getting hurt, neutrophils arrive at the wound site and start action for several days, and they themselves are phagocytosed by tissue macrophages.
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