Abstract
Traumatic nerve defect affected over 200, 00 people in the US. As it affected so many people, autografts as the golden standard solution have their limitations. Nerve conduits is a new method and the materials for conduits establishing contain biological materials, synthetic materials and composite materials. Among these categories, composite conduits appear better regeneration ability. Also, chitosan demonstrated have the ability to help nerve regeneration. Thus, chitosan composite may be a good choice in the future. This article compares six kinds of chitosan composite: Laminin-chitosan-PLGA, Chitosan-Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite, PCL/Chitosan/Verapamil, Chitosan/ hyaluronic acid conduit, Chitosan/simvastatin/Pluronic F-127 hydrogel and Chitin/ Carboxymethyl (CM)-chitosan by conduit structure, establishment method, sciatic functional index (SFI), electrophysiology and histology data. This article concludes that chitosan-drug-drug delivery system showed the best recovery result.
Highlights
Traumatic nerve defect has been reported to affect over 200,000 people in the US [1]
According to sciatic functional index (SFI) result, when compared with the control group, CHIT/hyaluronic acid (HA) composite tube showed a significant difference appeared at eight weeks, the SFI value showed a upword trend from week 4 to week 12, which can demonstrate that the nerve function in surgery site improved through the test
The SFI of CHIT/verapamil changed from -20 to -12 and 1.3g of gastrocnemius muscle, which showed that chitosan group and chitosan with verapamil group did accelerate the regeneration rate of nerve tissue with less nerve function loss and less muscle loss
Summary
Traumatic nerve defect has been reported to affect over 200,000 people in the US [1]. Several solutions have been used in recent years These solutions can be divided into three main categories: grafts, cell culture regeneration methods, and nerve conduits to bridge the nerve gaps. Nerve conduits is an innovative solution that comes out in recent years, which can bridge two sides of the nerve gap help nerve regenerate from the proximal site. Cell culture method often combines with other approaches like grafts and nerve conduits [4]. Ao [6] mentioned that nerve conduits' qualities could be decided by structure, length and the most important one is the material choice. In addition to physical properties, some in vivo test and histology data like Sciatic Functional Index (SFI), the number of myelinated axons and G-ratio can be considered to compare which material is optimal [7]–[10]. This article will compare different nerve conduit materials and determine if one material is favorable over another in particular situations
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