Abstract
Rapid development in medicine and pharmacy has created a need for novel biomaterials with advanced properties such as photoluminescence, biocompability and long-term stability. The following research deals with the preparation of novel types of N-doped chitosan-based carbon quantum dots. Nanomaterials were obtained with simultaneous nitrogen-doping using biocompatible amino acids according to Green Chemistry principles. For the carbon quantum dots synthesis chitosan was used as a raw material known for its biocompability. The nanomaterials obtained in the form of lyophilic colloids were characterized by spectroscopic and spectrofluorimetric methods. Their quantum yields were determined. Additionally the cytotoxicity of the prepared bionanomaterials was evaluated by XTT (2,3-Bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide salt) method. Our results confirmed the formation of biocompatible quantum dots with carbon cores exhibiting luminescence in visible range. Performed studies showed that modification with lysine (11.5%) and glutamic acid (7.4%) had a high impact on quantum yield, whereas functionalization with amino acids rich in S and N atoms did not significantly increase in fluorescence properties. XTT assays as well as morphological studies on human dermal fibroblasts confirmed the lack of cytotoxicity of the prepared bionanomaterials. The study shows chitosan-based quantum dots to be promising for biomedical applications such as cell labelling, diagnostics or controlled drug delivery and release systems.
Highlights
Rapid development of medicine as well as increasing numbers of patients suffering from cancer causes a need for new types of biomaterials with advanced properties
The results show that the highest fluorescence quantum yield was noticed in the case of the sample prepared from chitosan and functionalized by lysine (CQDs-3) and carbonized for 3 min in the microwave radiation field
Chitosan QCDs were prepared with simultaneous functionalization using with Tahancdrmaevonaisaonsnidlomicnoeatkodscifinwdptgshirtfohiousplnvlsoeedtwrruetyrdieegdymsobowiuycdsracoipsanwhrtgbaooovtoodnenl-ieuazlvymsasetbiiilnosoitneoeps.dccTnoehcmnooecvnperedeaplsitrtteiiyoabopprnlceeeshrtcowisoefhshmon.iwcaTphnheodeonrbemteshinuoiactlmtrtsoet.hadwAetaeibvnrseieusatctrhlascmedefoisopadsrrtfiieufobpynilaionaremagntttaiaeeobgdmnleeincpdoattfcliwshacilaptayorsspbsioalnminnecaadtieontos obtainwchhicithoseannab-bleadseNd-dcoapribnognreqacutaionntsumresudltointsg iinn aa hfiagsht qaunadntuefmficyiieenldt omf atnhenenranaocpcaorrtdicilnesg
Summary
Rapid development of medicine as well as increasing numbers of patients suffering from cancer causes a need for new types of biomaterials with advanced properties. Currently scientists are working on carbon-based QDs which can be applied in medicine and pharmacy due to their good biocompability as well as water-dispersity [2,5]. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), unlike other C-based materials such as carbon nanotubes, graphenes, fullerenes, nanodiamonds and carbon nanohorns, are much simpler and cheaper to produce and do not exhibit cytotoxicity. They can be described as a carbogenic cores with surface functional groups. Carbon quantum dots can be prepared according to Green Chemistry principles without using toxic reagents [7,8]. They can be described as materials with very high potential in biomedical applications
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