Abstract
Chiral separation is an important process in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. From the analytical chemistry perspective, chiral separation is required for assessing the fit-for-purpose and the safety of chemical products. Capillary electrophoresis, in the electrokinetic chromatography mode is an established analytical technique for chiral separations. A water-soluble chiral selector is typically used. This review therefore examines the use of various chiral selectors in electrokinetic chromatography during 2017–2018. The chiral selectors were both low and high (macromolecules) molecular mass molecules as well as molecular aggregates (supramolecules). There were 58 papers found by search in Scopus, indicating continuous and active activity in this research area. The macromolecules were sugar-, amino acid-, and nucleic acid-based polymers. The supramolecules were bile salt micelles. The low molecular mass selectors were mainly ionic liquids and complexes with a central ion. A majority of the papers were on the use or preparation of sugar-based macromolecules, e.g., native or derivatised cyclodextrins. Studies to explain chiral recognition of macromolecular and supramolecular chiral selectors were mainly done by molecular modelling and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Demonstrations were predominantly on drug analysis for the separation of racemates.
Highlights
Bioactive chiral compounds are structurally similar, but they can exhibit different biological activity and even potency [1,2]
Derivatised CDs as a single chiral selector (CS) composed 50% of all be explained by the high solubility that is required in electrokinetic chromatography (EKC) and better chiral recognition ability of papers
EKC will remain a popular choice for research in chiral separation due to its high separation power and inherent greenness
Summary
Bioactive chiral compounds are structurally similar, but they can exhibit different biological activity and even potency [1,2]. Analytical chiral separation is typically performed using column chromatography-based methods such as liquid chromatography (LC) or gas chromatography (GC) with a chiral stationary phase [3–5] and capillary electrophoresis (CE). 22 of of 18 samples and consumables required are very low and chemical waste generation is essentially In comparison with LC EKC provides higher separation The electric causes the electrophoretic migration of analytes andmigration other charged speciesand (e.g., buffer components), field across the capillary causes the electrophoretic of analytes other charged species and the generation of the bulk liquid flow (i.e., electroosmotic flow (EOF)). Electrophoretic and and interaction with the cause detection of EOF the analytes at the other end of the capillary. UV pseudophase and eventually cause detection of the analytes at the other end ofby theon-line capillary.
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