Abstract

A new classification of photocurrent responses in light of symmetry violations in the presence of magnetic order unveils two new types of photocurrent that can be readily tuned and enhanced by topological electronic structure in solids.

Highlights

  • Optical responses have gained much interest in condensed matter physics

  • The above formula is generally applicable to second-order optical responses such as second harmonic generation [58] and the parametric generation process [8], we only focus on the photocurrent response

  • We reproduce some of the known results in the following subsections, our calculation is distinct from the previous theoretical studies for the following reasons: We systematically investigate all the photocurrent responses from the viewpoint of T and PT symmetries, unify the reported works, and, importantly, clarify new photocurrents, which we call the intrinsic Fermi surface effect and the gyration current

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Summary

INTRODUCTION

Optical responses have gained much interest in condensed matter physics. Optical probes are extensively implemented in spectroscopy, such as angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and real-space imaging of material phases. In spite of these findings, few studies focus on the photocurrent in magnetic systems, except for a few recent theoretical works [45,46,47] It is highly desirable for promoting the functionality of matter to understand the role of magnetic parity violation in photoelectronic phenomena. The classification result leads to the discovery of new linearly and circularly polarized photoinduced currents, which we call the intrinsic Fermi surface effect and the gyration current, respectively These photocurrents are unique to the magnetically parity-violating systems and show different properties from the known photocurrent arising from magnetic parity violation [45,46].

FORMULATION
PHOTOCURRENT FORMULA
Fermi surface effect I
Fermi surface effect II
Interband effect I
Interband effect II
GENERALIZATION TO SPINFUL SYSTEMS
ANALYSIS OF GYRATION CURRENT
Basic properties
Model study of gyration current
Enhanced gyration current in topological materials
SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION
Spinless system
Spinful system
Injection current
Gyration current

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