Abstract
Abstract China has the largest workforce in the world.1 Until the beginning of 1995, when the Labour Law of the People’s Republic of China (the Labour Law) took effect,2 there was no effective protection of employee rights under Chinese law. As a socialist country, workers worked for themselves within State- owned units or enterprises, so there was no need to have any labour contract. The economy was controlled by the State, which was responsible for directly allotting a worker to an enterprise to do a specific job. Individuals were subordinate to the collective, and the collective was subordinate to the State. Everything was planned including recruitment, and ‘once recruited, always recruited’. In this system, the labour relationship was akin to a social relationship.
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