Abstract
Low temperature in the field causes chilling injury (CI) in banana and peel browning. The aim of this paper was to investigate the influence of different bagging materials and combinations on bunch development of banana (Musa AAA cv. Nanica) and the occurrence of CI. The study was carried in Jacupiranga, São Paulo, Brazil, in a completely randomized design in 2 × 9 factorial, two years of formation (2013 and 2014) and nine bagging materials, with eight replicates. Materials consisted in blue transparent polyethylene, white non-woven fabric, white opaque polyethylene, bubble wrap, white laminated non-woven fabric, double paper, blue transparent polyethylene plus kraft paper, blue transparent polyethylene plus white non-woven fabric and control (non-bagged). Fruits formed in both years showed low L* and C* values related to the CI index. On the coldest days of 2013 and 2014, bagging raised the temperature by only 1.91 and 3.17 °C, respectively. Depending on the year of bunch formation, the bagging materials influenced the period between flowering and harvest, but not the bunch mass. In the green fruit, the content of chlorophylls was lower in double paper, while L* was higher, but there were no differences in the content of phenols for the different materials. In mature fruits, CI index, L* and a* were not affected by the bagging materials, unlike coordinates b*, h° and C*, which were lower for double paper, with no difference between other materials and non-bagged fruits. Bagging materials did not prevent CI and did not reduce the peel browning intensity.
Highlights
Bananas are grown in more than 150 tropical and subtropical countries, producing 105 million tonnes of fruit per year (Santosh et al, 2017)
Low temperature is one of the factors that limits the establishment of banana plantations at certain latitudes, and has hard impact on the development of plants and fruit production and quality (Rodríguez-Zapata, 2015)
Banana fruit is extremely sensitive to chilling injury (CI), exhibiting symptoms when exposed to temperature below 12 C (Chen et al, 2008)
Summary
Bananas are grown in more than 150 tropical and subtropical countries, producing 105 million tonnes of fruit per year (Santosh et al, 2017). Low temperature is one of the factors that limits the establishment of banana plantations at certain latitudes, and has hard impact on the development of plants and fruit production and quality (Rodríguez-Zapata, 2015). Banana fruit is extremely sensitive to chilling injury (CI), exhibiting symptoms when exposed to temperature below 12 C (Chen et al, 2008). In field the bagging has been used to protect bunches from low temperatures and alleviate CI symptoms and promote changes in fruit growth (Harvey, 2005; Muchui et al, 2010; Kutinyu et al, 2014; Santosh et al, 2017; Pathak et al, 2017)
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