Abstract
Psychosocial development is a developmental stage that every child will pass. This study aimed to analyze the influence of family and child characteristics, child value, social support, mother's involvement in psychosocial stimulation in boys and girls. The research design that was used in this study was a cross-sectional study. Site selection was chosen purposively, namely in the city of Medan. Research locations were in two villages, namely Kota Maksum, Medan Labuhan Subdistrict and Kota Besar Village, Medan Area District. The sample pulling technique uses simple random sampling with a sample of mothers who have children aged 2-3 years and come from a complete family of 150 people. Respondents interviewed with the questionnaire were mothers. Correlation test results showed a significant positive relationship between maternal age, children's values, dimensions of psychological value and dimensions of economic value, social support, dimensions of information support and dimensions of reward support, and mothers' role in care with psychosocial stimulation.
Highlights
The toddler period is an essential part of the growth and development period and becomes the basis for determining the quality of the child
The results showed that most father's age (90.0%) and mother's age (95.3%) were in the early adulthood group with an average father's age of 32.28 years and an average mother's age of 28.71 years
The highest score for children comes from the dimension of psychological values, and the lowest is from the dimension of social values
Summary
The toddler period is an essential part of the growth and development period and becomes the basis for determining the quality of the child. Growth and development at the age of 0-2 years is part of the golden age that needs attention. Child development begins with language skills, creativity, social, emotional, and intellectual awareness that caregivers need to pay attention to. According to Schunk (2012), children begin to develop sensory, visual and auditory-motor skills, moral development, and personality basics. The family environment is the initial part of the parenting process and shapes children's optimal growth and development. Parents play a significant role in a family environment that can optimize children's growth and development. Children aged 6-24 months experience a critical period in their growth, which will cause failure to grow (Sukamti, Aticeh, & Fauziah, 2014)
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