Abstract
Sinusitis complicates 0.5 to 5.0% of upper respiratory infections in children. The condition is difficult to distinguish from uncomplicated upper respiratory infection and allergic rhinitis and resolves spontaneously in more than 40% of patients. The maxillary and ethmoid sinuses are developed at birth whereas sphenoid sinuses develop by 3 to 7 years of age and frontal sinuses by 7 to 12 years of age. The frontal, anterior ethmoid and maxillary sinuses drain into an area known as the ostiomeatal complex. Normal sinus function is related to three factors: (1) patency of the sinus ostia, which are extremely narrow tubular structures; (2) function of epithelial cilia; and (3) quality of secretions, which are required for the normal function of cilia
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