Abstract
India has long topped the list of countries with the highest number of malnourished children in the world. It's now increasingly also reporting alarming levels of childhood obesity which, experts say, could take on the form of an epidemic if not tackled urgently. The diagnosis of obesity is primarily based on body mass index (BMI), defined as weight in kilograms divided by height in square metres. Normal range for BMI in children varies with age and sex. The Center for Disease Control has published tables for determining obesity in children. For children and adolescents (age 2–19 y), the BMI value is plotted on the CDC growth charts to determine the corresponding BMI-for-age percentile. Overweight is defined as a BMI at or above the 85th percentile and lower than the 95th percentile. Obesity is defined as a BMI at or above the 95th percentile. Childhood obesity can lead to life-threatening conditions like Type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obstructive sleep apnoea, cancer, liver diseases, early puberty, psychiatric disorders, asthma and other respiratory problems.
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