Abstract
Studies on ideology in the social sciences have been incremental in recent decades. Childhood ideology remains a pivotal issue in the humanities from pedagogy to philosophy. Since children are easily accessible ideological subjects, the exercise of ideology can be more clearly noticed in children. This study aims to focus on childhood ideology adopted by the authorities in the early Turkish Republican Era. The emergence and rise of nationalism from 1923 directed by the authorities to focus on what kind of generation they would raise for the future of the Turkish Republic. The study involved four regularly published newspapers -Cumhuriyet, Akşam, Vakit/Kurun, Hakimiyet-i Milliye/Ulus- dating back to 1930s. The main goals of the modernization project of the Republic were raising honest, industrious, patriotic and healthy children, which were the main individuals that had to be reared for the new Republic. Thus, a strong relationship between Turkish nationalism and the new types of children was established.
Highlights
Ideology has always been a central concept in social sciences in the last two hundred years
In order to achieve the duty of a raising healthy generation, the Republic struggled against fatal epidemics around the country, established pediatric services, provided medical supply to women during pregnancy and postpartum period, endeavored to minimize infant and child death rate which amount to 80 percent in some regions (Sarıkaya, 2012:203)
To constitute social awareness, while some implementations were highlighted, women were defined as having maternity roles and given the responsibility of rising healthy children
Summary
Ideology has always been a central concept in social sciences in the last two hundred years. These ideas entail raising robust, healthy and nationalistic children that exist only for the state. It can be said that the identity of children in the Early Turkish Republic was historically recognized but was totally dependent on the fundamental principles, parameters and values of the new state. The origins of this historically recognized idea first emerged in the 19th century in Ottoman Empire influenced by the French Revolution and the westerns schools that were opened by foreigners in the Empire
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