Abstract
BackgroundThis study aimed to provide an updated analysis of childhood cancer mortality rates and long-term trends to 2013 to describe the current level of deaths and identify changes in recent decades.MethodsData on number of deaths from cancer in children aged under 15 years were derived from Vital Statistics in Japan and the World Health Organization (WHO) mortality database for comparison countries. Trends in mortality were examined by fitting a joinpoint regression model.ResultsFor all cancers combined, the mortality rate during 2010–2013 was 19.9 per 1,000,000 population for boys and 17.5 for girls in Japan. Mortality from all cancers combined decreased significantly from 1980 to 2003 for boys and from 1980 to 2001 for girls. Afterwards, the rates remained stable for both sexes. Mortality from leukemia declined over the entire study period by 4.6 % per year (p <0.05) in boys and 4.3 % per year (p <0.05) in girls. For central nervous system (CNS) tumors, a slight increase in mortality was observed for both sexes, with a statistically significant annual percent change (APC) of 0.5 % (p <0.05) for boys and 0.6 % (p <0.05) for girls.ConclusionsWe provided updated information on recent trends of childhood cancer death. The establishment of a nationwide, childhood cancer registry is required in Japan. Moreover, trends in cancer mortality should be monitored continuously.
Highlights
This study aimed to provide an updated analysis of childhood cancer mortality rates and long-term trends to 2013 to describe the current level of deaths and identify changes in recent decades
A total of 20,924 childhood cancer deaths occurred in Japan during 1980–2013
Three hundred Japanese children died from cancer in 2013, of which leukemias were the most common diagnoses (33.7 %), followed by central nervous system (CNS) tumors (29.3 %)
Summary
This study aimed to provide an updated analysis of childhood cancer mortality rates and long-term trends to 2013 to describe the current level of deaths and identify changes in recent decades. About 2,300 children under 20 years of age were diagnosed with cancer in 2011, according to a recent report from the Medical Aid Program for Chronic Pediatric Diseases of Specified Categories, a research project conducted by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan [3]. The Japan Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology has made great efforts to collect data on the Following our previous report on childhood cancer mortality in Japan between 1970 and 2006 [5], this article provides an updated analysis of mortality rates and long-term trends up to 2013
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