Abstract
Across the globe, and on daily basis, children are confronted with various forms of violence, which the international community strives to address, albeit unsuccessfully. The aim of this paper is to evaluate international and Nigeria’s efforts towards child protection using the instrumentality of the law; interrogate the effectiveness or otherwise of the international and Nigeria’s legal framework for child protection; and make overarching recommendations on how to achieve effective child’s rights protection. This is against the backdrop of increased child trafficking, and various forms of violence against children despite the existence of municipal laws and international legal instruments (International Office for Migration (IOM), 2019). The research is basically socio-legal and multidisciplinary in nature; hence the methodology, i.e. the doctrinal method, adopted reflects this. The research relies largely on both legal and non-legal documents, which are subjected to evaluation, interpretation, description, and systematization. These processes culminated in the findings that although efforts—legal and non-legal, towards child protection are being made, children remain in a precarious situation globally, particularly Nigeria; and that failure of child protection efforts arises from several factors that continue to enhance child vulnerabilities. It is on the basis of these findings that the research proffers recommendations that can contribute to the on-going processes leading to the adoption of effective measures and programmes that will address the challenges facing the international community and Nigeria in tackling child’s rights violations.
Highlights
IntroductionViolence against children includes sexual exploitation, trafficking for different purposes, child labor, and maltreatment, amongst others
The aim of this paper is to evaluate international and Nigeria’s efforts towards child protection using the instrumentality of the law; interrogate the effectiveness or otherwise of the international and Nigeria’s legal framework for child protection; and make overarching recommendations on how to achieve effective child’s rights protection
In the context of Nigeria, it should be reiterated that child protection measures are still ineffective since child exploitation, child trafficking and other forms of violence remain on the increase (IOM, 2019)
Summary
Violence against children includes sexual exploitation, trafficking for different purposes, child labor, and maltreatment, amongst others These actions are fostered by prevailing conditions of poverty, bad governance, lack of educational and employment opportunities, harmful socio-cultural practices that sustain child’s rights violations, conflicts-armed or political, and illiteracy. Psychologically and or physically damaged children often pose problems to their families and to the justice system of the country In recognition of this fact, the international community adopted a series of legal and institutional measures to counter child’s rights violations. Despite the adoption of these measures, the rights of children remain in dire strait, especially in Nigeria where children are increasingly being trafficked, exploited, tortured and subjected to all forms of labour.
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