Abstract
Abstract A micro-econometric analysis of the 1994 Human Development of India survey finds that school provision in rural areas, and mortality reducing policies, lower fertility, and child labour, and raise school enrolment and the nutritional status of school-age children. The school enrolment effect comes prevalently through a reduction in the number of children reported doing nothing (as much as a quarter of the relevant age group). A lump-sum increase in household income would have broadly similar effects. By contrast, an increase in the amount of land worked by the family, holding household income constant, would reduce school enrolment, and raise child labour. The probability of an extra birth increases with the probability that a child will work.
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