Abstract
Child labor in marketplaces has not been sufficiently studied. It is present even in developed countries and it has been associated with problems in the physical, psychological, emotional and social development of children. This paper aims at determining the number of children working in the largest marketplace in the country and the risk factors to which they are exposed. Children working in the marketplace were counted and classified by gender and occupation. Working places were analyzed under Fine's professional risk plan. 376 children were found, 318 boys and 58 girls. 30% were carrying loads, 42% were selling merchandise, and 28% were doing minor jobs or accompanying relatives. The risk factors related with their personal security have the greatest danger level. They are followed by the ergonomic, psychosocial and biological factors. The risk factors affecting children's health the most in the short term are those related to personal security. They include vehicle traffic, inadequate materials storage that can be dangerous, and the physical burden that they have to suffer. According to the professional risk factors plan, this is a dangerous job for children. Child labor in marketplaces shall be regulated and the carrying of heavy loads prohibited.
Highlights
The risk factors related with their personal security have the greatest danger level
The risk factors affecting children’s health the most in the short term are those related to personal security
According to the professional risk factors plan, this is a dangerous job for children
Summary
Recibido 8 Noviembre 2004/Enviado para Modificación 12 Diciembre 2004/Aceptado 18 Febrero 2005. El presente trabajo pretende determinar el número de niños que se encuentran trabajando en la plaza de mercados más grande del país y los factores de riesgo a los que están expuestos. Métodos Se realizó un conteo de los niños que trabajan en la plaza y se determinó su genero y ocupación. Los factores de riesgo relacionados con seguridad son los que presentan un grado de peligrosidad más alto. Conclusión Los factores de riesgo que a corto plazo afectan más la salud de los niños en la plaza son los relacionados con la seguridad por el tránsito de vehículos, el apilamiento inapropiado de materiales potencialmente peligrosos y la carga física a que están sometidos. De acuerdo con el panorama de riesgos profesionales presentado, este es un trabajo peligroso para los niños. Palabras Clave: Trabajo de menores, frutas, vegetales, Colombia (fuente: DeCS, BIREME)
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