Abstract
Objectives: to perform concept analysis of the term child development (CD) and submit it to review by experts. Method: analysis of concept according to the hybrid model, in three phases: theoretical phase, with literature review; field phase of qualitative research with professionals who care for children; and analytical phase, of articulation of data from previous steps, based on the bioecological theory of development. The new definition was analyzed by experts in a focus group. Project approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: we reviewed 256 articles, from 12 databases and books, and interviewed 10 professionals, identifying that: The CD concept has as antecedents aspects of pregnancy, factors of the child, factors of context, highlighting the relationships and child care, and social aspects; its consequences can be positive or negative, impacting on society; its attributes are behaviors and abilities of the child; its definitions are based on maturation, contextual perspectives or both. The new definition elaborated in concept analysis was validated by nine experts in focus group. It expresses the magnitude of the phenomenon and factors not presented in other definitions. Conclusion: the research produced a new definition of CD that can improve nursing classifications for the comprehensive care of the child.
Highlights
Child Development (CD) is a fundamental part of human development, emphasizing that the brain architecture is shaped in the first years, from the interaction of genetic inheritance and influences of the environment in which the child lives[1,2]
Publishing journals were very varied, only two articles were published in journals in the nursing field, three in education, 16 in journals of child development, 23 in journals about human development, 29 in behavioral sciences and 183 in journals in the health area - 80 of these specific to pediatrics
The results of the concept analysis showed the incorporation of knowledge consistent with the bioecological theory, both in analyzed studies and in the interviews, as pointed out in this discussion, which was structured according to the four elements of the theory process-person-context-time[13]
Summary
To promote the health of children, it is essential to understand their peculiarities, as well as environmental conditions favorable to their development[3]. The understanding of caregivers about the characteristics and needs of children, as a result of their development process, promotes the integral development, because daily care is the major space for the promotion of CD[3]. A valuable resource to the nurse performs their job facing all aspects of child development is the Systematization of Nursing Care. It proposes the use of the nursing classifications, standardizing the language used in assisting individuals, families and communities in different settings[4].
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