Child abuse and work stress in adulthood: Evidence from a population-based study

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the association between child abuse and work stress in adulthood. We used data from the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) Mental Health, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of Canadians. This study included all participants aged 20years or older who reported being employed the past 12months (N=14,581). Child physical abuse, sexual abuse, and exposure to intimate partner violence were assessed in relation to several work stress-related indicators. Multiple linear and Poisson regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, household income, marital status, occupation group, and any lifetime mental disorder. Child abuse was significantly associated with greater odds of high work stress (IRR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.16–1.43) in adulthood. More specifically, child abuse was associated with greater odds of job dissatisfaction (IRR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.31–2.18), job insecurity (IRR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.27–1.91), and self-perceived low support (IRR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.22–1.46). It was also associated with high levels of psychological demand (b=0.348; 95% CI: 0.229–0.467) and job strain (b=0.031; 95% CI: 0.019–0.043). Examination of the Karasek's Demand-Control Model using multinomial logistic regression analyses indicated that child abuse was significantly associated with high strain (RRR:1.39; 95% CI: 1.14–1.72) and active (RRR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.28–1.90) jobs. These findings suggest the negative influence of child abuse on work experience. Success in preventing child abuse may help reduce work-related stress in adulthood.