Abstract
A bioassay that uses chicken embryo hepatocyte (CEH) primary cultures for measuring 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalent (TCDD-EQ) concentrations in extracts prepared from wild bird eggs contaminated with complex mixtures of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and other halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons is described. The CEH bioassay uses an efficient method for measuring ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) in hepatocytes cultured in 48-well plates to obtain bioassay-derived TCDD-EQ concentrations (TCDD-EQbio). Induction equivalency factors (IEFs) were determined for 39 PCB congeners, 2,3,7,8-TCDD, 1,2,3,7,8-PCDD, and 2,3,7,8-TCDF. TCDD-EQbio concentrations in eggs from herring gulls, Larus argentatus, and great blue herons, Ardea herodias, were highly correlated with TCDD-EQ concentrations calculated (TCDD-EQcalc) from chemical residue data and IEFs (r2 = 0.977, slope = 0.99). Unlike other in vitro bioassays, 2,2‘,3,4,4‘,5‘-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 138) made a significant contribution to TCDD-EQcalc in CEH cultures. TCDD-EQbio concentrations were also highly correlated to TCDD-EQcalc obtained using toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) derived from various in vivo and in vitro toxic and biochemical end points. The CEH bioassay is a cost-effective method for measuring TCDD-EQbio concentrations in environmental samples.
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