Abstract
The widespread nature and economic importance of Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and interactions between IBV and the host immune response remain poorly understood. Understanding the mechanism of virus recognition via innate immunity can help resist IBV invasion. Retinoic acid-induced gene I-like receptor (RLRs) recognize virus RNA in virus infection, and LGP2 is a member of RLRs. According to the current studies, LGP2 exhibited certain inhibition in the virus, and there is a lack of investigation for chicken’s LGP2. It is important to figure out the role of chLGP2 in host immune recognition of IBV. Our results showed that chLGP2 inhibited the proliferation of IBV Beaudette in cells. Also, chLGP2 can identify and combine with IBV RNA. The domains of chLGP2 were separately expressed and inspired by related literature, and the chLGP2 K30A mutant was constructed. Our results suggested its structural integrity and the adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity are critical for IBV inhibiting activity. chTRBP was selected after CO-IP and Mass spectrometry test. We found chTRBP and chLGP2 are the interacting partners and promote mutual expression. Our study showed that chTRBP could also suppress IBV infections via chLGP2, which provided a basis for future innate immunity research for IBV.
Highlights
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causing infectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly contagious disease in poultry
To figure out whether chicken LGP2 (chLGP2) plays a role in inhibition, as shown in Figures 1E–H, compared to the control, chLGP2 was successfully expressed both in HD11 and DF-1 cells
The results showed that the overexpression of chLGP2 significantly inhibited the IBV replication in both DF-1 and HD11 cells (Figures 1A,B)
Summary
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causing infectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly contagious disease in poultry. Infectious bronchitis is more common in chicks causing bronchial rales, sneezing, and coughing, while some IBV serotypes lead to kidney or fallopian tube diseases. Infectious bronchitis virus infection significantly deteriorates the quality and quantity of the poultry industry causing huge economic losses every year. IBV is a single positive-stranded non-segmented enveloped RNA virus that belongs to the family of Coronaviruses and is capable of infecting various mammals and birds. Based on serotype and genome, coronaviruses can be divided into four subgenres, namely alpha, beta, gamma, and delta coronavirus (Cavanagh, 2007). Infectious bronchitis virus is classified as a γ-coronavirus that has ∼27.6 kb genome containing ten ORFs (Open Reading Frames): 5 -UTR-1a-1b-S-3a-3b-3c(E)-M-5a-5b-N-UTR-3. The genome encodes four major structural proteins spike (S), membrane (M), nucleocapsid (N), and small membrane (E) (Brierley et al, 1987)
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