Abstract
This review introduces the updated Chicago Classification ver. 4.0 for esophageal motility disorders using metrics from high-resolution manometry (HRM). The Chicago Classification ver. 4.0 was developed by 52 diverse international experts using validated methodologies over 2 years. Key updates in Chicago Classification ver. 4.0 include: 1) a more rigorous and expansive HRM protocol that incorporates supine and upright test positions as well as provocative testing, 2) a refined definition of esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction, and 3) emphasis on supportive testing with barium esophagogram with tablet and/or functional lumen imaging probe.
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