Abstract
The basic knowledge of tidal characteristics in Chesapeake Bay is a prerequisite to understand the tidal processes in Chesapeake Bay. The tidal characteristics in Chesapeake Bay were assessed in this paper using basic tidal hydraulic analysis. Tidal elevation, currents and salinity data of Chesapeake Bay from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) were retrieved, and analyzed to understand Chesapeake Bay tide. General knowledge of location, geometry, tides, freshwater inputs, wind, salinity, etc in Chesapeake Bay was described. Sediment distribution of Chesapeake Bay was briefly described and discussed. Amplitude and phase of the selected major constituent, form factor, phase difference between tide elevations and currents at a few tidal elevation stations within Chesapeake Bay were calculated. Tidal prism was figured out using cubature method. The analysis approach could also be used as a source of reference for basic tidal study in other tide-affected field.
Highlights
Chesapeake Bay encountered a severe environmental suffering during past a few decades, due to nitrogen, phosphorus and sediment pollution
The basic knowledge of tidal characteristics in Chesapeake Bay is a prerequisite to understand the tidal processes in Chesapeake Bay
A brief description of general sediment distribution in Chesapeake Bay was represented in this paper in accordance with tidal characteristics and Langland and Cronin [3]
Summary
Chesapeake Bay encountered a severe environmental suffering during past a few decades, due to nitrogen, phosphorus and sediment pollution. 50 rivers, with thousands of tributary streams and creeks, drain the approximately 64,000 mi (166,000 km2) forming the Chesapeake Bay Basin. Tides and freshwater inputs from the various tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay control the hydraulics of the bay [1]. The total amount of freshwater discharged into the Bay (71 km or mi3) is roughly equivalent to the tidal mean volume of the Chesapeake Bay estuarine system (76 km or mi3) – the combined volume of the Bay proper and its tributary estuaries. The Chesapeake & Delaware Canal runs 14 miles long, 450 feet wide and 35 feet deep across Maryland and Delaware, connecting the Delaware River with the Chesapeake Bay and the Port of Baltimore. The basic tidal analysis approaches can be optionally used in other estuaries
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