Abstract
It was a disaster on an unprecedented scale. When Reactor Number 4 at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant exploded in the early hours of April 26, 1986, it spewed out 400 times as much radiation as the bomb that devastated Hiroshima, Japan. The clean-up operation enlisted some 600 000 people. They hosed down surfaces and bulldozed and buried contaminated buildings. But the molten core of the nuclear reactor could not be buried, and more than 200 million tonnes of radioactive debris remained in the reactor building.
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