Abstract

Researchers and wine-growers, partners for innovation : interactions, institutions and mutual learning. This article presents a reflexive analysis of the evolution of a partnership between researchers and professionals of the wine sector in Languedoc-Roussillon, within the framework of a research project about wine cooperative firms ability to cope with the current changes. This partnership is seen as a sequence of action systems geared to one another, studied through analytic categories based on the main outputs of structural interactionism and sociology of organisations. Each action system is identified through objects, actors and coordination structures. The evolution of those systems is analysed as a learning process of each actor involved in the partnership, according to his own cognitive project. This learning process enables the progressive delineation of the ways by which partnership develops. Its strengthening and its success depend on a) the shape of the social capital developed by researchers, b) the gearing of autonomous regulation and control. Social capital can be evaluated through the relevance of the content of interactions as well as through the specific array of the structural positions of those involved in them. Those interactions between researchers and other actors of the Languedoc-Roussillon wine sector build an autonomous form of regulation of the system whereas organisations (research institute, firms) frame this autonomy within sets of rules and procedures. Chercheurs et viticulteurs partenaires pour l'innovation : interactions, institutions et apprentissages. L'article présente une analyse réflexive de l'évolution d'un partenariat entre des chercheurs et des acteurs du monde viticole dans le cadre d'un projet concernant les adaptations des coopératives vinicoles du Languedoc-Roussillon. Les apports de l'interactionnisme structural et de la sociologie des organisations sont mobilisés pour rendre compte du partenariat en tant qu'histoire de systèmes d'action organisée. Les dynamiques de ces systèmes sont analysées comme des apprentissages portant sur les modalités de développement d'une collaboration destinée à faire progresser les projets cognitifs des différents acteurs engagés dans le partenariat. Les conditions du renforcement et du succès du partenariat tiennent alors d'une part à la forme du capital social développée par les chercheurs, étudiée au travers du contenu de leurs interactions et de la position des interlocuteurs, d'autre part aux modalités d'articulation entre la régulation autonome, construite par les interactions entre chercheurs et partenaires, et les régulations de contrôle exercées par les organisations (institut de recherche, organisation économique) dans lesquelles s'insèrent ces acteurs.

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