Abstract
α- d-Glucans were isolated from the Cladonia spp., C. clathrata, C. connexa, C. crispatula, C. furcata, C. ibitipocae, C. imperialis, C. penicillata, and C. signata, to evaluate their possible significance in chemotyping. Each was isolated in water-insoluble form via successive alkaline extraction and freeze-thawing. They were then individually investigated using 13C and 1H-NMR spectroscopy (including COSY, TOCSY and HMQC techniques), methylation analysis, and Smith degradation, and their specific rotations and monosaccharide compositions determined. Each α- d-glucan contained alternating (1→3) and (1→4)-linkages (1:1 ratio), as determined by the relative areas of their respective H-1 signals at δ 5.14 and 5.23. Also, the respective relative areas of C-1 signals at δ 99.2 and 100.1, and those of C-3 of 3- O-( δ 82.6) and C-4 of 4- O-substituted ( δ 78.9) units, were similar for each glucan. The presence of α- d-glucans of the nigeran type appears to be typical of Cladonia spp.
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