Chemotherapy induced kidney and urinary tract related complications: A study in the Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology

Abstract

Nephrotoxicity is one of the most severe late-term side effects after chemotherapy. It is important to evaluate the possible risks and provide valuable treatment and follow-up for the patient. Methodsthe data was observed from 50 patients from 0 till 18 years old that were treated for childhood cancer and was collected according to methodological recommendations. Results28 boys and 22 girls were included and the average age of all patients when the diagnosis was made was five years. 56% have faced kidney and urinary tract related complications. 75% of those patients have faced nephrotoxicity, 10,71 – urinary tract related complications and 14,29 have faced both – nephrotoxicity and urinary tract related complications. GFR was decreased in one case, increased in three cases and normal in the remaining cases. There was no statistical significance between kidney and urinary tract related complications and patient’s age at the time of treatment, type of cancer (except for sarcomas), type of surgery or radiotherapy. Nephrotoxicity had statistical significance to occur more commonly during the first two years after treatment, while urinary tract related complications occurred more frequently during five years after treatment. Doxorubicin and Ifosfamide had statistical significance with kidney-related long-side effect; Lomustine also had a close relation. Chemotherapy drug’s cumulative dose also had statistical significance of the same chemotherapy drugs. Conclusionsthis study suggests that chemotherapy drug and its cumulative dosage has the most influence on kidney and urinary tract related complications.