Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical diversity of Pinus nigra Arn. essential oils. The research was carried out on the needles collected from eighteen provenances of black pine grown in common garden located in West-Northern Tunisia and belonging to four different subspecies (Pinus nigra subsp. nigra, Pinus nigra subsp. salzmannii, Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana, and Pinus nigra subsp. laricio). Essential oil yields ranged from 0.19% to 0.68%. The obtained essential oils have been analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS apparatus. Twenty-three constituents accounting about 98% of total essential oil composition were identified. The essential oil compositions appeared to be very different according to their origin. Thus, five main essential oil chemotypes were identified in Pinus nigra plants: caryophyllene oxide, camphene, ß-caryophyllene, α-amorphene, and germacrene D. The chemotaxonomic value of the essential oil compositions was discussed in relation to the results of the multivariate statistical test, including a detailed survey of the available literature data.
Highlights
Pinus nigra Arnold is a circum-Mediterranean species belonging to the Pinaceae family. e species is divided into six subspecies: Pinus nigra subsp. nigra (Arn.), Pinus nigra subsp. salzmannii (Dun.), Pinus nigra subsp. dalmatica (Vis.), Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.), Pinus nigra subsp. mauretanica (Mair. & Pey.), and Pinus nigra subsp. laricio (Poir.) [1]. is species is discontinuously distributed from Southwest Europe to Asia Minor, extending to the Crimea, and is found in North Africa (Morocco and Algeria)
Black pine was characterized by a genetic, morphological, phenotypic, and biochemical diversity. e chemical composition and the intraspecific variation of Pinus nigra essential oil have been the subject of numerous studies [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]
E essential oil compositions appeared to be very different among provenances. e major essential oil components were especially variable in occurrence and concentration among the different provenances, ranging from almost absent in some samples to more than 90% of the total essential oil composition in others
Summary
Pinus nigra Arnold (black pine) is a circum-Mediterranean species belonging to the Pinaceae family. e species is divided into six subspecies: Pinus nigra subsp. nigra (Arn.), Pinus nigra subsp. salzmannii (Dun.), Pinus nigra subsp. dalmatica (Vis.), Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.), Pinus nigra subsp. mauretanica (Mair. & Pey.), and Pinus nigra subsp. laricio (Poir.) [1]. is species is discontinuously distributed from Southwest Europe to Asia Minor, extending to the Crimea, and is found in North Africa (Morocco and Algeria). E species is divided into six subspecies: Pinus nigra subsp. E chemical composition and the intraspecific variation of Pinus nigra essential oil have been the subject of numerous studies [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. According to analysis of variance, these investigations indicated a significant variability in chemical composition of black pine essential oils between provenances and subspecies. Is work was conducted to study, for the first time, the variability in essential oils obtained from the needles of 18 provenances of Pinus nigra. Is study could be helpful to highlight the variability of intraspecific terpene profile of Pinus nigra species growing in the southern limit of its range Journal of Food Quality growing under humid bioclimatic conditions in the northwest of Tunisia. is study could be helpful to highlight the variability of intraspecific terpene profile of Pinus nigra species growing in the southern limit of its range
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