Abstract
The roots of Peucedanum japonicum (Apiaceae) have been used as an alternative to the roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata (Apiaceae) to treat common cold-related symptoms in Korea. However, a variety of Peucedanum species, including the roots of P. praeruptorum or Angelica decursiva (=P. decursivum), have been used to treat phlegm–heat-induced symptoms in China. Hence, as there are differences in the medicinal application of P. japonicum roots between Korea and China, chemotaxonomic classification of P. japonicum was evaluated. Sixty samples derived from P. japonicum, P. praeruptorum, A. decursiva, and S. divaricata were phylogenetically identified using DNA barcoding tools, and chemotaxonomic correlations among the samples were evaluated using chromatographic profiling with chemometric analyses. P. japonicum samples were phylogenetically grouped into the same cluster as P. praeruptorum samples, followed by S. divaricata samples at the next cluster level, whereas A. decursiva samples were widely separated from the other species. Moreover, P. japonicum samples showed higher chemical correlations with P. praeruptorum samples or A. decursiva samples, but lower or negative chemical correlations with S. divaricata samples. These results demonstrate that P. japonicum is more genetically and chemically relevant to P. praeruptorum or A. decursiva and, accordingly, the medicinal application of P. japonicum might be closer to the therapeutic category of these two species than that of S. divaricata.
Highlights
Internal Transcribed Spacer Regions of Nuclear Ribosomal CistronThe nucleotide sequences of the international transcribed spacer (ITS) (ITS1, ITS2, include 5.8 s) were used for identification of the species of distributed Peucedani Radix, Peucedami Japonici radix and Saposhnikoviae Radix
Introduction published maps and institutional affilBang-Pung (Saposhnikoviae Radix), a traditional herbal medicine, has been used to treat common cold-induced disorders and relieve pain, and it originates from the roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. (Apiaceae) in Korean and Chinese pharmacopieas [1,2]
As the roots of P. japonicum are recognized as an alternative to Bang-Pung, it is interesting that two different herbs belonging to two separate genera are used for the same medicinal purpose
Summary
The nucleotide sequences of the ITS (ITS1, ITS2, include 5.8 s) were used for identification of the species of distributed Peucedani Radix, Peucedami Japonici radix and Saposhnikoviae Radix. The determined sequences were confirmed using the Blast in NCBI GenBank data. A difference in 37 sites was observed between two species of Peucedani Radix (PJ and AD) with a 0.94 sequence identity matrix (Table S1). The two same genus samples, PP and PJ, had 16 site differences (sequence identity matrix 0.975; Table S1). SD and PJ had nine different sites (sequence identity matrix 0.986; Table S1).
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