Chemoradiation therapy of 4T1 cancer cells with methotrexate conjugated platinum nanoparticles under X-Ray irradiation

Abstract

Bovine serum albumin (BSA) coated platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (Pt@BSA NPs) were synthesized, followed by the conjugation of an anticancer drug (MTX) with the aim of chemoradiation therapy. The physical and chemical properties of Pt@BSA-MTX were evaluated by DLS, FESEM, STEM, UV–Vis and XRD. A release study was performed in the presence and absence of the proteinase K enzyme. In terms of morphology, nanoparticles appeared to be monodispersed and spherical. The size of nanoparticles was 7.4 ± 1.4 nm. Release behavior of Pt@BSA-MTX depended significantly on enzyme presence which accelerated and promoted the release of MTX. The improved chemoradiation was demonstrated in vitro using MTT, colony formation and apoptosis assays on mouse breast carcinoma cells (4T1). It was concluded that the combination of a nanoradiosensitizer with a chemotherapeutic agent resulted in superior anticancer activity after X-ray exposure.