Abstract
Sensitization of malignant cells to ionizing radiation plays a key role in cancer treatments that combine chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Enhancement by chemotherapeutic agents of DNA base damages and clustered damage, which are among the most detrimental cellular modifications, is expected to contribute significantly to the radiosensitization process; however, with the exception of double-strand breaks (DSBs), no measurements exist on the enhancement of such damages induced by the abundant secondary low-energy electrons (LEEs) created by ionizing radiation. This lack of information restricts our global understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in chemoradiation therapy. Here we measure the enhancements of LEE-induced damages resulting from the binding of cisplatin to plasmid DNA (pGEM-3Zf(−), 3197 bp). The enhancement factors (EFs) are reported for base damages (BDs) on one strand and clustered damages consisting of BDs and single-strand break (SSBs) with adjacent BDs on the opposite strand....
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