Chemopreventive activity of turmeric essential oil and possible mechanisms of action.

Vijayasteltar Belsamma Liju,Ramadasan Kuttan,Kottarapat Jeena

doi:10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.16.6575

Vijayasteltar Belsamma Liju, Ramadasan Kuttan + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.16.6575

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Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic activity of turmeric essential oil as well as to establish biochemical mechanisms of action. Antimutagenicity testing was accomplished using strains and known mutagens with and without microsomal activation. Anticarcinogenic activity was assessed by topical application of 7, 12 - dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) as initiator and 1% croton oil as promoter for the induction of skin papillomas in mice. Inhibition of p450 enzymes by TEO was studied using various resorufins and aminopyrene as substrate. Turmeric essential oil (TEO) showed significant antimutagenic activity (p<0.001) against direct acting mutagens such as sodium azide (NaN3), 4-nitro-O-phenylenediamine (NPD) and N-methyl- N-nitro N'nitrosoguanine (MNNG). TEO was found to have significant antimutagenic effect (>90%) against mutagen needing metabolic activation such as 2-acetamidoflourene (2-AAF). The study also revealed that TEO significantly inhibited (p<0.001) the mutagenicity induced by tobacco extract to Salmonella TA 102 strain. DMBA and croton oil induced papilloma development in mice was found to be delayed and prevented significantly by TEO application. Moreover TEO significantly (P<0.001) inhibited isoforms of cytochrome p450 (CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2B1/2, CYP2A, CYP2B and CYP3A) enzymes in vitro, which are involved in the activation of carcinogens. Results indicated that TEO is antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic and inhibition of enzymes (p450) involved in the activation of carcinogen is one of its mechanisms of action.

Highlights

Many human cancers are caused by chemical carcinogens, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heterocyclic amines, aromatic amines etc present in our environment
Evaluation of antimutagenicity of Turmeric essential oil (TEO) Bacterial strains: auxotrophic Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98, TA 100 and TA 1535 were purchased from Gene Bank & MTCC, Chandigrah, India
Evaluation of antimutagenic potential of TEO Antimutagenicity of TEO was tested against mutagens such as sodium azide, NPD and methylN-nitro N’nitrosoguanine (MNNG) using TA 100, TA 1535, TA 98 and TA 102 strains Salmonella typhimurium by the method of Maron and Ames, (1983) and modified by Kaur et al (1998) in triplicate

Summary

Introduction

Many human cancers are caused by chemical carcinogens, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heterocyclic amines, aromatic amines etc present in our environment. Continued exposure of these substances to human cells leads to genomic instability, including repair deficiency and accumulation of genetic alteration (Ames, 1983). Induction of Phase II detoxification enzymes, such as glutathione S-transferase and UDP-glucuronyl transferase, is another mechanisms of protection against carcinogenesis (Piengchai et al, 2011). Modulating these enzymes may reduce cancer incidence

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