Abstract
BACKGROUND: The incidence of bladder and prostate cancer continues to rise, with little accompanying improvement in management strategies. Opportunities exist for testing various types of chemopreventive interventions. METHODS: The authors review the biology of progression to invasive disease for cancers of the bladder and the prostate and identify intermediate disease and surrogate endpoint markers. Candidate interventions and initial clinical trial results are described. RESULTS: Markers of cellular proliferation and differentiation, as well as antigens such as Le(x), M344, DD23, and bladder tumor antigen, are promising for bladder cancer. Testing with prostate-specific antigen and prostate-specific membrane antigen is promising for prostate cancer. Several prevention intervention trials are in progress for both cancers. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamins, polyamine synthesis inhibitors, and oltipraz are undergoing clinical tests for chemopreventive effects in bladder cancer, and a large trial of finasteride to prevent prostate cancer is completing accrual. Results from these studies will direct future research.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
