Chemokines’ role in immunopathogenesis of atherosclerosis

Abstract

The results obtained and conflicting data of immunopathogenesis of inflammation and atherosclerosis are analyzed. The role of macrophages and T-lymphocytes in the endothelium damage and formation of an atherosclerotic plaque is shown. Chemokine-leading processes initiating the data processes - macrophage chemotactic protein, interleukin 8, fractalkine. An important role in the initiation of intercellular interaction with the subsequent development of the alliance CD40 and their ligands, expressed by various cell types, participants in the immune-inflammatory process - CD154. The role of subpopulations of T-lymphocytes - 1st, 2nd and 3rd, as well as regulatory T-lymphocytes in the atherosclerotic process was analyzed. An experimental data on the role of chemokines in the development of atherosclerotic process is described. The role of the factor inhibiting migration and providing the concentration of effector cells in the area of atherosclerotic plaque, which lead to its destabilization, is of great importance. It has been shown experimentally that the expression of inhibition factor migration correlates with the intensity of atherosclerotic process. The information on the factor contributing to the output of stromal cells is presented. Experimental data show that the development of coronary heart disease is associated with it. Its deficiency contributes to the development of the disease, and an increase - improves the course of the disease and has a stabilizing effect on atherosclerotic plaques. The role of hemokine (CXC motif) ligand 10 and 11 in the process of atherosclerosis has been experimentally proved. They have a controlled effect on chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function in the process of atherosclerotic lesion formation.