Chemo-induced pod and seed mutants in mungbean (Vigna Radiata L. Wilczek)

R Rehman,Mr Wani,Nh Shah,A Raina,R Laskar,S Khan,I Amin,Mi Kozgar,My Baba,Ar Dar,A Tak

doi:10.3329/sja.v15i2.35161

Abstract

Mungbean is one of the most important pulse crops due to its nutritive value and maintaining soil fertility through biological nitrogen fixation. Genetic variability is one of the pre-requisite for crop improvement. The present investigation was aimed at to enhance the genetic variability for three quantitative traits viz. pod length, number of seeds per pod and 100-seed weight in M2 and M3 generations of mungbean following mutagenesis with ethylmethane sulphonate (EMS), hydrazine hydrate (HZ) and sodium azide (SA). Mean pod length did not differ significantly in most of the mutagenic treatments in M2. However, significant improvement for the trait was exhibited with lower and moderate concentrations in M3 generation. The mean number of seeds per pod and 100-seed weight increased with lower and moderate concentrations of the mutagens in M2, whereas M3 generation showed a complete positive trend of shift. Long pod and bold seeded mutants may be exploited to increase the number of seeds per pod and seed size leading to increased yield potential. The genotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance increased manifold in the treated population for all these traits suggesting that mutagen induced variability has the substantial scope to improve the mungbean crop.SAARC J. Agri., 15(2): 57-67 (2017)

Highlights

Pulses being rich in quality proteins, minerals and vitamins are inseparable ingredient of the diet of majority of Indian population (Siag et al, 2005)
NM1 were pre-soaked in distilled water for 9 hours prior to treatment with three chemical mutagens viz. 0.1, 0.2, 0.3% of ethylmethane sulphonate (EMS)- a monofunctional alkylating agent manufactured by Sissco Research Laboratories Pvt
Data collected for pod length and the mean for each plant was calculated for pod length, seeds per pods and 100-seed weight isolated in M2 and M3 generations were subjected to statistical analysis according to Singh and Chaudhary (1985) in order to assess the extent of induced variation

Summary

Introduction

Pulses being rich in quality proteins, minerals and vitamins are inseparable ingredient of the diet of majority of Indian population (Siag et al, 2005). Efforts have been expedited to bring additional area under the cultivation of pulses, it is imperative to increase the production by exploiting the yield potential of existing varieties through genetic manipulation. In India, mungbean was grown over an area of 3.38 million hectares with the production of 1.61 million tons in 2013-14 (www.iipr.res.in/e-pulse-data-book.html). The average seed yield of 474 kg ha-1 is far below its presumed potential. It is cultivated mainly as kharif crop, but in southern India where winter is quite mild, it is grown as rabi crop. The crop can withstand drought but is susceptible to water logging It is usually grown both as pure and mixed crop in different agro-ecological conditions. In addition to its nutritive value, it has a unique property of maintaining and restoring soil fertility through biological nitrogen fixation (Stevenson and Van Kessel, 1996)

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Conclusion