Chemo-profiling by UPLC-QTOF MS analysis and in vitro assessment of Anti-inflammatory activity of Field Milkwort (Polygala arvensis Willd.)

Abstract

P. arvensis has traditionally been used in folk herbal therapy to treat a variety of ailments. This study looked at the phytochemical, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of P. arvensis stem, leaf, and root water and methanol extracts. When compared to stem and root extracts, the dry methanolic leaf extract had the highest phenolic and flavonoid concentrations of 291.56±0.01 mg GAE/gm DW and 65.53±0.08 mg RE/gm DW. Methanol root extract contained the greatest quantities of terpenoids and saponins, with 94.62±0.013 mg UAE/gm DW and 165.77±0.04 mg DE/gm DW, respectively. Methanol leaf extract contains much more alkaloids (52.19±0.08mg CE/gm FW) than stem and root extract. Although fresh leaf methanol extract has superior DPPH scavenging activity (79.79 ±0.003 percent), fresh leaf aqueous extract has higher ABTS scavenging capacity (64.35 ±0.09 percent) than the other extracts. P. arvensis has potential anti-inflammatory chemicals, according to UPLC-QTOF MS study. These chemicals may be responsible for membrane stabilization (87.78±0.03%), inhibition of protein denaturation (96.27±0.01%), inhibition of trypsin activity (80.97±0.05), and inhibition of NO generation. The suppression of NO generation was studied using LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. P. arvensis plant portions are also less harmful to cultured RAW 264.7 macrophage cells when tested using the MTT assay. The obtained results suggested that the plant is an effective anti-inflammatory agent.