Abstract
Abstract The dual fluorescence (emissions from S 1,np and S 1,ct states) of N -phenylaminonaph-thalenesulfonate (ANS) systems is briefly reviewed. The 6- N -methyl- N -phenylamino-2-naphthalenesulfon- N , N -dimethylamides also exhibit dual fluorescence, as shown by plots of emission energy and Φ F against the solvent polarity parameter, E T (30). The solvent polarities, for which appearance of S 1,ct emission marks the occurrence of an intramolecular electron transfer (i.e.t.) process, are appreciably lower than those of the corresponding sulfonates. The fluorescence of the dimethylamides exhibits a high sensitivity to substituent change, the apparent Hammett ϱ value being ca. −13 for unsubstituted dimethylamide and −33 for N -methyl-substituted dimethylamide. The N , N -dimethylamides are particularly suitable for the investigation of the rates and mechanisms of intramolecular electron-transfer processes by picosecond and nanosecond pulse techniques.
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