Abstract
Abstract Catalytic properties of basic materials investigated in our laboratories are reviewed. Firstly, the types of metal oxides and the indications of their basic properties are presented. Secondly, the importance of removing H2O, CO2 and O2 from the surfaces to generate basic properties and catalytic activities is demonstrated. Thirdly, the reaction characteristics occuring on solid base catalysts are described for the following reactions. (I) Double bond migration of olefins. (II) Double bond migration of unsaturated compounds containing hetero atoms. (III) Isomerization of alkynes and alienes. (IV) Hydrogenation of olefins, (V) Amination of olefins. (VI) Hydrogenation of CO. (VII) Aldol addition of acetone. Fourthly, structures of active sites are discussed in reference to MgO model structures. Four types of active sites, OH groups and three types of metal-oxygen ion pairs of different coordination numbers, are proposed. Finally, future directions to develop solid base catalysts are suggested.
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