Abstract
The chemical modification of hydrophobic polymer matrices is an alternative way to elchange their surface properties. The introduction of sulfonic groups in the polymer changes the surface properties such as adhesion, wettability, catalytic ability, and adsorption capacity. This work describes the production and application of chemically modified polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as adsorbent for dyes removal. Chemical modification of PVC was evaluated by infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis, which indicated the presence of sulfonic groups on PVC. The chemically modified PVC (PVCDS) showed an ion exchange capacity of 1.03 mmol−1, and efficiently removed the thionine dye (Lauth’s violet) from aqueous solutions, reaching equilibrium in 30 min. The adsorption kinetics was better adjusted for a pseudo second order model. This result indicates that the adsorption of thionine onto PVCDS occurs by chemisorption. Among the models for the state of equilibrium, SIPS and Langmuir exhibited the best fit to the experimental results and PVCDS showed high adsorption capacities (370 mg−1). Thus, it is assumed that the system presents homogeneous characteristics to the distribution of active sites. The modification promoted the formation of surface characteristics favorable to the dye adsorption by the polymer.
Highlights
The polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a versatile thermoplastic wide used in the world with a global demand exceeding 35 million tons per year [1]
The chemical modification of the PVC leads to change in the profile of this band due to the elimination reactions since it may be related to the output of chlorine atoms and a proportional increase in quantitative carbon in the structure
For the PVCDS, the increase in the intensity of this band is related to the chemical modifications undergone during the process of dehydrochlorination and subsequent treatment with sulfuric acid
Summary
The polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a versatile thermoplastic wide used in the world with a global demand exceeding 35 million tons per year [1]. 2% of the global demand for PVC resins. About 66.0% of all PVC is utilized in tubes, connections, threads, and cables. In such applications, PVC is more economical than other materials, such as wood, metals, and ceramics. PVC is more economical than other materials, such as wood, metals, and ceramics It has advantages in terms of some fundamental requirements, such as anti-flame behavior, weathering resistance, thermal and acoustic isolation, ease of installation, low maintenance, and excellent finishing and aesthetic qualities. Despite the advantages of using PVC in building and construction, the high chlorine content in the polymer is a disadvantage from an environmental point of view, since 80% of organically bound chlorine and around 60% of total chlorine
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