Abstract
Zhumeria majdae (Rech. F. & Wendelbo) is an aromatic herb belonging to the Lamiaceae family, traditionally employed in the Persian medicine for the treatment of a wide number of diseases. In the present study, the chemical composition of Z. majdae essential oil obtained from the plant’s aerial features, and stored at various temperatures (refrigerator temperature 4 °C, freezer temperature −20 °C, and room temperature 20 ± 3 °C) and times (0, 3, 6, and 9 months) was studied. The essential oil was isolated through hydrodistillation, and its composition was evaluated by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results showed that the composition of essential oils changed as a function of the various storage temperatures and times. Linalool (34.85–48.45%), camphor (27.09–39.17%), limonene (1.97–4.88%), and camphene (1.6–4.84%) made up the main volatile compounds which showed differences in their concentrations according to the various storage conditions. Notably, when compared to a non-stored treatment sample (analyzed immediately after essential oil collection), the amount of linalool and camphor increased in all samples stored in all conditions of temperature and time, with the exception of the samples stored for nine months at room temperature. On the other hand, limonene and camphene contents decreased during the storage treatments, showing that the highest content of these compounds occurred in the non-stored treatment. Essential oil storage at the freezer temperature and for three months storage time resulted in the highest average value of the major constituents, highlighting these as the best conditions for obtaining the highest content of the major compounds.
Highlights
Essential oils produced by aromatic plants are made up of various phytochemical combinations, including hydrocarbons, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and phenylpropanoids [1]
The results showed that the quali-quantitative composition of Z. majdae essential oil changed as a function of the various temperatures and storage times (Table 1)
We studied the variation in the major constituents of Z. majdae essential oil as affected by storage conditions
Summary
Essential oils produced by aromatic plants are made up of various phytochemical combinations, including hydrocarbons, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and phenylpropanoids [1]. A few pharmacological properties have been evidenced for the Z. majdae extracts, namely anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties [2]. It has been previously shown that linalool, camphor, and limonene constitute the major Z. majdae essential oil components [8,9,10,11]. This essential oil has been proven to exhibit insecticidal, antioxidant, antifungal, and antibacterial properties [9,11,12,13,14,15,16]. A recent study showed that Z. majdae has an effective on morphine withdrawal syndrome in mice [8]
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