Chemical vapor deposition in fabrication of robust and highly efficient perovskite solar cells based on single-walled carbon nanotubes counter electrodes

Abstract

This study presents a strategy of fabricating a perovskite layer through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method and applying it as an efficient absorber in PSCs based on SWCNT counter electrode. As the results, the CVD method produced smooth and void-free perovskite films, which reduced the moisture absorption at the grain boundaries then delayed the degradation of the organic/inorganic composition. Furthermore, the smooth surface of the dye layer enhances charge collection at the interface with counter electrodes. Thus, the efficiency of cell fabricated by CVD method was 7.9%, which is improved by 29.5% as compared with cells using the conventional spin-coating method. Furthermore, the cell fabricated by CVD method gave an excellent stability. Accordingly, the efficiency was lost only 17% after 500 h performances. This approach could pave the way to develop low-cost PSCs with long-term stability.