Abstract
The factors affecting sludge production rates at wastewater treatment plants are discussed. Methods are presented for the estimation of additional sludge production when chemical precipitation is employed. Sludge production rates at full scale plants employing chemical precipitation are given. When using iron or aluminium salts sludge production increases by 22–35 %. At plants with lime precipitation the sludge production can increase by 100% or more. Experiences with thickening, stabilization and dewatering of sludges from chemical precipitation plants are discussed. With chemical precipitation the release of phosphorus to the water phase during anaerobic digestion is small, otherwise chemical precipitation has no essential impact on sludge treatment. It is concluded that an increase in sludge production is the only negative consequence of chemical precipitation on sludge treatment. Recovery of chemicals may change this in the future.
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