Chemical techniques for control of stem canker and black scurf (Rhizctonia solani) disease of potatoes

Abstract

SUMMARYThiabendazole, iprodione and benodanil were tested for control of stem canker and black scurf disease of potatoes using seed tubers with or without black scurf planted in soil infested or not with Rhizoctonia solani. Dormant seed tubers were treated with fungicide dusts, dips or sprays and before planting dusts were applied to soil or to sprouts on seed tubers.Plants grown from seed tubers with black scurf had more stem canker, stolon infection and Thanatephorus cucumeris and progeny tubers had more black scurf than from seed without black scurf. Infesting soil with R. solani increased black scurf but not stem canker or stolon infection.Fungicide treatment of seed tubers controlled all phases of the disease and sprout and soil treatments also had significant effects. Numbers of tubers in July were usually increased by treatment although by harvest many small tubers (>3 cm) had been resorbed. Fungicide treatment substantially increased yield only when shoot tips were pruned by R. solani.Regression analyses showed that stolon pruning, Thanatephorus and black scurf were significantly related to stem canker, and numbers of tubers in July but not in September were inversely related to stolon pruning.The significance of sources of inoculum and the effects of controlling disease on tuber production are discussed in relation to methods of fungicide use.