Abstract
The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid is commonly known as vitamin C. It is an indispensable nutrient and plays a key role in retaining the physiological process of humans and animals. L-gulonolactone oxidase, the key enzyme for the de novo synthesis of ascorbic acid, is lacking in some mammals including humans. The functionality of ascorbic acid has prompted the development of foods fortified with this vitamin. As a natural antioxidant, it is expected to protect the sensory and nutritional characteristics of the food. It is thus important to know the degradation of ascorbic acid in the food matrix and its interaction with coexisting components. The biggest challenge in the utilization of ascorbic acid is maintaining its stability and improving its delivery to the active site. The review also includes the current strategies for stabilizing ascorbic acid and the commercial applications of ascorbic acid.
Highlights
Ascorbic acid (L-enantiomer, Figure 1), commonly known as vitamin C, is composed of six carbons and related to the C6 sugars
In order to maintain the stability of ascorbic acid in food applications, ascorbic acid can be loaded into biomacromolecule-based delivery vehicles through physical encapsulation and adsorption
The solid lipid microcapsules prepared by polyglyceryl monostearate (PGMS) have the encapsulation capacity of ascorbic acid up to about 94%
Summary
Ascorbic acid (L-enantiomer, Figure 1), commonly known as vitamin C, is composed of six carbons and related to the C6 sugars. Antioxidants 2022, 11, 153 the body, ascorbic acid-fortified dietary supplements or foods have attracted interest from consumers, in addition to fruits and vegetables found in nature. The expected release site of ascorbic acid is the small intestine rather than the stomach, since the absorption and metabolization of bioactive compounds mainly occur in the small intestine [13]. This is a challenge for the selection of suitable carrier and wall materials, which is related to the dissolution of the coating polymer in the gastrointestinal environment and its molecular weight. The commercial products fortified with ascorbic acid are summarized
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