Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSP) are ubiquitously found in all organisms, and with other heat shock proteins (HSP) such as HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, HSP100 made up the molecular chaperone family. They are involved in a wide range of biological processes which include among others cell resistance to biological and environmental stress conditions. In this study, we show by western blotting that CeHSP17, an sHSP of Caenorhabiditis elegans, is significantly induced by high temperatures. Furthermore, in response to metal stress, the CeHSP17 protein expression was significantly induced by cadmium and zinc at high concentration of clearly cytotoxic range in wild-type C. elegans. Altogether, our results show the involvement of CeHSP17 protein in both environmental and biological stresses in C. elegans and establish for the first time the expression pattern of the CeHSP17 protein in response to thermal and metal stress conditions in C. elegans. The responses of CeHSP17 protein expression may serve as potential sensitive biomarker for metal-induced toxicity monitoring and environmental risk assessment.
Highlights
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner and Buhrer) Nickle (Tylenchida: Aphenlenchoididae), commonly known as pinewood nematode (PWN) is a destructive pathogen causing the pine wilt disease
Species diversity of ophiostomatoid fungi: Among all surveyed sites, we found a significant number of pupal chambers in recently killed trees at all of the four surveyed sites
All surveyed beetle chamber was infested with PWN (Table 1)
Summary
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner and Buhrer) Nickle (Tylenchida: Aphenlenchoididae), commonly known as PWN is a destructive pathogen causing the pine wilt disease. Some of the FAEE, including EP, EL, ethyl oleate (EO), and ethyl stearate (ES), were isolated from the surface of vector beetles during their eclosion, which are known to function as chemical signals for PWN phase transition from reproductive to dispersal stages (Zhao et al, 2013b). These beetle chemicals, may have potential in influencing the ophiostomatoid fungi
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