Chemical Quality, Nutrient Preservation, and Feeding Value of Silages Stored in Bunker Silos

Abstract

Summary Complete input-output weights of four silages combined with chemical analyses and feeding trials were used to determine the performance of bunkers as silage storage structures. Two different silo covers were evaluated with respect to their usefulness for preventing top spoilage. Chopped and unchopped forages also were compared in each of the two experiments. Chemical quality of the silages was within the range usually obtained in tower silos. Nutrient preservation was less efficient in all silages than that usually observed in tower silos. This lowered efficiency was identified with excessive top spoilage in one experiment, but with high fermentation losses in the other experiment. The most satisfactory seal was produced with a plastic cover weighted by a continuous layer of sawdust, which markedly reduced the hazard of accidental puncture and helped to maintain the seal during the feeding period. The elimination of surface spoilage in bunker silos by proper sealing techniques and materials appears practicable. Chopping of forage, although not necessary, was desirable from the standpoint of increasing silo capacity and for convenience in storing and removing of silages. Silage quality and feeding value were improved by chopping relatively dry forage, but no marked improvement resulted from chopping forage of a higher moisture content.