Abstract
The present study was conducted aiming at establishing chemical quality parameters to assess ice stored mullet (0℃ ± 1℃) through the evaluation of nucleotide (adenosine monophosphate [AMP], inosine [HxR] and hypoxanthine [Hx]) degradation, biogenic amine (histamine [HI], putrescine [PU], cadaverine [CA] and tyramine [TI]) quantification and mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria count monitoring. The microbial load of 7 log CFU·g–1 established as maximum acceptable limit was attained after the 20th day of ice storage. IMP concentration declined during the storage period to levels below the detection limit. HxR content increased only up to time T3 and then declined. Hx level increased during all the storage period. CA and HI content increase was not observed, on the other hand, PU and TI contents significantly increased (p ℃ ± 1℃ can be consumed up to the 20th storage day.
Highlights
Fish per capita consumption has increased worldwide during the past five decades [1] due to its nutritional quality with desirable content of proteins of high biological value, quick digestibility and content of essential amino acids and poly-unsaturated fatty acids, especially the omega-3 [1]-[3]
The characterization and the concentration of biogenic amines have been used as quality parameters [14]-[17], because these products are present in low levels and its formation is associated with the activity of deterioration bacteria [14] [18] through decarboxylation of precursor amino acids [18] [19]
Due to the need of establishing reliable parameters for quality assessment and acknowledging the importance of mullet (Mugil platanus) as an alternative fish resource to substitute the traditional resources the capture and yield of which are declining in Brazil, especially in the Rio de Janeiro State [20], the objective of the present study was to establish chemical parameters to assess the quality of mullet stored on ice (0 ̊C ± 1 ̊C) based on nucleotide degradation and concentration of biogenic amines
Summary
Fish per capita consumption has increased worldwide during the past five decades [1] due to its nutritional quality with desirable content of proteins of high biological value, quick digestibility and content of essential amino acids and poly-unsaturated fatty acids, especially the omega-3 [1]-[3]. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is converted, by dephosphorilation in adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP), deaminated to inosine monophosphate (IMP) which gives inosine (HxR) and hypoxanthine (Hx) as degradation products [2] [11]. Most of these reactions occur by the action of endogenous enzymes present in the muscle, the degradation of IMP to HxR and Hx occurs by the action of both, autolytic and microbial enzymes [2] [5]. The characterization and the concentration of biogenic amines have been used as quality parameters [14]-[17], because these products are present in low levels and its formation is associated with the activity of deterioration bacteria [14] [18] through decarboxylation of precursor amino acids [18] [19]
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