Abstract
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the soil chemical properties submitted to fertigation with slaughterhouse (SW) and dairies (DW) wastewater. The experiment was conducted in the Environmental Engineering Center and Sanitary of UFLA/MG in PVC columns filled with Dark Red Latosol (Oxisol) and randomly distributed. The treatments applied with nitrogen based load (300 kg ha years-1 of N) consisted of four doses of SW and DW (100, 200, 300 and 400% of the recommendation) and AQT0 control at random. The soil was collected at a depth of 0.30 m and, subsequently, characterized in terms of physical, chemical and physicochemical. The application of treatment of the largest irrigation of DW provided, after 120 days of monitoring, N concentration of 1.85 g kg-1. However, the treatment with AQT0 obtained N concentration of 0.81 g kg-1, in the soil. We observed that the largest irrigation of SW provided increases of 2.62 and 5.49 g kg-1, respectively, in the P and K concentrations of the soil. There was quadratic increase in the N concentration in the 0.30 m soil depth of the columns with the increase in the applied irrigations of SW and DW, being obtained maximum values of 1.85 and 1.02 g kg-1 that were obtained in the relative irrigation of the application dose of 600 kg ha-1 of N.
Highlights
In view of the water scarcity scenario in Brazil, the use of agroindustrial wastewater, via fertirrigation in agriculture, has emerged with an important and efficient destination, since in addition to water supply; nutrients are available to the soil and plant.The high concentrations of nutrients and organic matter in the wastewater, such as those from dairy and slaughterhouse, are presented as viable alternatives for the reuse of water, organic matter and nutrients, contributing to the reduction of costs with fertilizers and impacts caused by the launch in the hydric bodies (Singh et al, 2012)
In addition to soil support capacity, the soil assimilation of nutrients and pathogens is due to its purifying power, since the combination of physical, chemical and biological mechanisms promote the retention of suspended solids, nutrient removal by adsorption to the soil matrix or absorption by plants, in addition to oxidation of the organic material, promoted mainly by microorganisms that settle in the rhizosphere (Ribas et al, 2008)
Several studies demonstrate the effects of wastewater on soil chemical attributes, but not all of them demonstrate the consequences on cultivated soil
Summary
The high concentrations of nutrients and organic matter in the wastewater, such as those from dairy and slaughterhouse, are presented as viable alternatives for the reuse of water, organic matter and nutrients, contributing to the reduction of costs with fertilizers and impacts caused by the launch in the hydric bodies (Singh et al, 2012). Several studies demonstrate the effects of wastewater on soil chemical attributes, but not all of them demonstrate the consequences on cultivated soil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical attributes of the soil cultivated with Tifton 85 grass (Cynodon spp.) fertigated with increasing irrigation levels from wastewater from pig slaughterhouse and dairy and to compare them to conventional chemical fertilization
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