Abstract
Propolis is a highly adhesive and resinous product of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) which is produced from the exudations of plants. Bee propolis being a source of bioactive compounds like polyphenols and flavonoids imparts numerous biological properties including, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Present study was designed to elucidate the composition and antioxidant status of locally available propolis using in-vitro conditions. Propolis collected from locally found apiaries and its hydroalcoholic extract of propolis was prepared using different concentrations of ethanol and methanol. The results regarding proximate composition of propolis showed a higher proportion of ether extract (85.59±0.87%) and lowest contents of crude fiber (0.31±0.08%). Among the mineral's sodium, potassium and calcium was found in a concentration of 11.33±0.91, 52.10±2.9 and 10.53±0.83.59±0.23mg/Kg respectively whilst zinc was noticed as 3.59±0.23mg/Kg. HPLC characterization indicates a highest concentration of Chlorogenic acid 31.80±2.56mg/Kg whereas gallic acid (0.21±0.01mg/Kg) was found in lowest concentration among the polyphenols. Ethanol extract represents more phenolic contents, DPPH activity and antioxidant status as 327.30±14.89mg/gGAE, 73.18±4.43% and 60.59±4.38% accordingly in comparison to methanol and water extract. Bee propolis found an effective source of natural antioxidants which retards the production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species thus help to cope oxidative stress.
Highlights
Honeybee propolis is a natural produce of bee that is formulated from plant seeps, bud exudates and barks of trees
Propolis composition and associated biological properties highly influenced due to phytogeographical diversity, climate change, seasonal variations and specie of the queen bee in the hive [2]
Propolis composition and its biological activities determined in its Quantification of bioactive compounds through HPLC
Summary
Honeybee propolis is a natural produce of bee that is formulated from plant seeps, bud exudates and barks of trees. The concentration of solvent used for preparation of propolis extracts greatly influenced phenolic composition and properties including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer and other related activities [7]. The present study designed to explore chemical composition of locally available propolis and its extracts prepared with different concentrations of ethanol, methanol and aqueous extraction by using invitro medium to explain associated properties of propolis which is first effort of such kind in in the region in this regard.
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