Abstract
The present study reports the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) evaluation of the hexanes and dichloromethane fractions from extracts of the red alga Centroceras clavulatum (C. Agardh) Montagne. Twenty three compounds were identified, totaling ca. 42% of both fractions (0.18 g mass extract). The main constituents of the fractions were hexadecanoic acid (17.6%) and pentadecanoic acid (15.9%). Several secondary metabolites with interesting biological activity, such as (-)-loliolide, neophytadiene, phytol were identified. In addition, several classes of secondary metabolites, including phenolic compounds (e.g., phenylacetic acid), terpene derivatives, fatty acids, halogenated compound (e.g., 2-chlorocyclohexenol), lignoids, steroids, esters, amides (e.g., hexadecanamide), ketones, carboxylic acids, aldehydes and alcohols were observed. The occurrence of several of these structural classes is described for the first time in this species. The same fractions analyzed by GC-MS, and a separate set of polar fractions, were evaluated against two life cycle stages (epimastigote and trypomastigote forms) of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi and against phytopatogenic fungi Cladosporium cladosporiodes and C. sphaerospermum. The dichloromethane fraction was active against both T. cruzi forms (epimastigote IC50 = 19.1 μg.mL−1 and trypomastigote IC50 = 76.2 μg.mL−1). The hexanes and ethyl acetate fractions also displayed activity against both fungi species (200 μg) by TLC-bioautography.
Highlights
The family Ceramiaceae (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) consists of more than one hundred genera, and 28 of them are found along the Brazilian coast [1,2], including the type genus Ceramium Roth, and Centroceras Kützing
Since the only alkaloid described in the literature for the C. clavulatum is α-kainic acid [19], the present study describes the occurrence of these alkaloids for the first time for this species
The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the red alga, Centroceras clavulatum led to the identification of 23 major components (Table 1), accounting for ~42% of the total components present
Summary
The family Ceramiaceae (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) consists of more than one hundred genera, and 28 of them are found along the Brazilian coast [1,2], including the type genus Ceramium Roth, and Centroceras Kützing. Agardh) Montagne has a wide distribution and common occurrence around the World, and it is the only species of the genus reported in Brazil [3]. Recent reports have shown biological activity in red algae. For example, was demonstrated by Ceramium botryocarpum A.W.Griffiths ex Harvey, which has been used in France in aquaculture tanks to limit the growth of invasive green algae (Cladophora, Bryopsis and Ulva genus) [4]. Hayee-Memenon and co-workers identified secondary metabolites of Centroceras clavulatum from
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
