Abstract
The transverse momentum spectra of π-, π+, K-, K+, p¯, and p produced in Au+Au collisions at center-of-mass energy sNN=7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, 130, and 200 GeV are analyzed in the framework of a multisource thermal model. The experimental data measured at midrapidity by the STAR Collaboration are fitted by the (two-component) standard distribution. The effective temperature of emission source increases obviously with the increase of the particle mass and the collision energy. At different collision energies, the chemical potentials of up, down, and strange quarks are obtained from the antiparticle to particle yield ratios in given transverse momentum ranges available in experiments. With the increase of logarithmic collision energy, the chemical potentials of light flavor quarks decrease exponentially.
Highlights
The constructions of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have been opening a new epoch for the studies of nuclear and quark matters
The phase diagram includes at least a fundamental phase transition between the hadron gas and the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) or quark matter and is usually plotted as chemical freeze-out temperature (Tch) versus baryon chemical potential
The STAR Collaboration at the RHIC has undertaken the first phase of the beam energy scan (BES) program [15,16,17], starting the second phase from 2018 to 2019 [18]
Summary
The constructions of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have been opening a new epoch for the studies of nuclear and quark matters. Lattice QCD calculations show that a system is produced at small μbaryon or high energies through a crossover at the quark-hadron phase transition [2,3,4]. The matter produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions provides the opportunity to search for the phase boundary and the critical end point [6, 14]. To this end, the STAR Collaboration at the RHIC has undertaken the first phase of the beam energy scan (BES) program [15,16,17], starting the second phase from 2018 to 2019 [18].
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