Chemical Modification on Reactive Dye Adsorption Capacity of Castor Seeds

V Dharmalingam,A K Ramasamy,V Balasuramanian

doi:10.1155/2011/951848

V Dharmalingam, A K Ramasamy + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/951848

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Journal: Journal of chemistry	Publication Date: Jan 1, 2011
Citations: 8	License type: CC BY 3.0

Affiliation: Periyar University, AMET University

Abstract

Abstract: The roles played by four major functional groups (amine, carboxyl, azo, hydroxyl groups) in the biomass of castor seeds in adsorption of seven dyes were investigated. These functional groups in castor seeds were chemically modified individually to determine their contribution to the adsorption of ionic dyes. The dyes used were remazol red B, procino yellow, fast green FCF, brilliant cresyl blue, methylene blue, neutral red, red-141. It was found that hydroxyl group inhibited the adsorption of anionic dyes but it was major functional group in the adsorption of cationic dyes, hydroxyl group was important functional group in the adsorption of all seven dyes and the effect of methylation of amino group was not significant on the adsorption of seven dyes.

Highlights

Dyes are a kind of organic compounds which can bring bright and firm colour to other substances
Three dyes were not completely removed from solution, it indicated that the carboxyl group bearing negative charge inhibited the adsorption of anionic dyes and in case removing the negative charge of carboxyl group by esterification, dye uptake capacities were obviously increased
Total acetylation of amino and hydroxyl groups extremely decreased the adsorption ratios of all three dyes, it showed that hydroxyl group was important functional group in the adsorption of anionic dyes

Summary

Introduction

Dyes are a kind of organic compounds which can bring bright and firm colour to other substances. Synthetic dyes usually have a complex aromatic molecular structure which possibly comes from coal tar based hydrocarbons such as benzene, naphthalene, antracene, toluene, xylene, etc. The complex aromatic molecular structures of dyes make them more stable and more difficult to biodegrade[1,2]. Synthetic dyes have been increasingly used in the textile, leather, paper, rubber, plastics, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and food industries. The dye concentration of less than 1 ppm in receiving water bodies is highly visible, so that even small quantities of dyes can color large water bodies. This affects aesthetic merit and inhibits sunlight penetration and reduces photosynthetic action. Some dyes or their metabolites are either toxic or mutagenic and carcinogenic[4,5]

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